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Discovering Bolzano Cathedral, symbol of the city
Bolzano Cathedral, also known as the Church of Santa Maria Assunta, is one of the most important places of worship in the city and co-cathedral of the diocese of Bolzano-Bressanone. Also known as Dom Maria Himmelfahrt, Bozner Dom, or Propsteipfarrkirche Bozen, the cathedral encompasses a rich history that spans the foundations of three different churches dating back from the 4th century AD to the 12th century. Let's discover together the history and characteristics of this symbol of Bolzano.
History
The history of Bolzano Cathedral dates back to the fall of 1948 when, during the restoration of the place of worship damaged by the Allied bombings of 1944, the foundations of three churches dating from different historical periods were discovered.
The Paleochristian basilica: 4th century
The oldest church found beneath the flooring of the cathedral dates back to the 4th century and was probably dedicated to Saint Vigilius, given that many of the early Christian churches in the surrounding area were consecrated to the saint. It is a rectangular building measuring 38 meters long and 14 meters wide, divided into three rooms by partition walls. The side walls of the church have eight buttresses and the building follows the eastern construction typology widespread in the Noricum region, a Roman province corresponding to present-day Austria, and in the area of Aquileia.
The early medieval church: 8th century
Beneath the flooring of Bolzano Cathedral, a slightly longer wall dating from the Carolingian age was discovered, testifying to the presence of the new Bolzanina population that had settled in the basin, forming a small pre-urban village around the bridge over the Isarco river.
The first medieval church: 11th-12th century
The third church discovered beneath Bolzano Cathedral dates back to the 11th-12th century and is characterized by the presence of a tower with thick walls, perhaps to protect it from flooding from the Isarco river. The church was in the Romanesque style and had a façade with two windows with rounded arches typical of the architectural style.
Bolzano Cathedral today
Today, Bolzano Cathedral is a place of worship frequented by the faithful and tourists who want to admire the beauty of this historic monument.
Architectural characteristics
The church is in the Gothic style and dates back to the period between the 13th and 14th centuries. The façade, made of white Lasa marble, is enriched with a beautiful rose window and numerous statues of saints and prophets. The interior of the cathedral is divided into three naves and preserves numerous works of art, including the altarpiece by Hans Klocker and the pictorial decorations of the central nave ceiling.
The Chapel of St. John the Baptist
Inside Bolzano Cathedral, visitors can also explore the Chapel of St. John the Baptist, dating back to 1380, which houses numerous works of art including tempera paintings depicting the life of the saint.
Events
Bolzano Cathedral also hosts numerous cultural and religious events, including classical music concerts and sacred music festivals that attract tourists and locals alike.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Bolzano Cathedral represents one of the most important symbols of the city, encompassing a long and rich history that spans different historical periods. Today, the church is a place of worship frequented by the faithful and tourists who admire its architectural features and the works of art preserved inside. Bolzano Cathedral is a must-see destination for anyone who wishes to immerse themselves in the history and culture of the city.
