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The Bolzano Cathedral: A Church with a Rich Past
If you're passionate about history and architecture, you must visit the Bolzano Cathedral, which not only represents the heart of the city but also a true treasure of sacred art. Discover its history, from early Christian basilicas to medieval churches and the construction of the current cathedral.
History
The Bolzano Cathedral was restored after the bombings of World War II, and this way, the foundations of three other churches that dated back to the 4th, 8th, and 11th-12th centuries, respectively, were discovered.
The Early Christian Basilica: 4th Century
The oldest church dates back to the 4th century and was probably dedicated to St. Vigilius, since many early Christian churches around the city were consecrated to him. The basilica was 38 meters long and 14 meters wide, consisting of three rooms separated by partitions. The building was divided into several parts: an 'atrium,' where a font was probably located, and a circular presbytery. It was also located near a small burial ground where the name of "Secundus Regontius," the first known resident of Bolzano, was found. The Bolzano basilica was built following the Eastern building typology, in vogue in the Roman province of Noricum and the Aquileia area.
The Early Medieval Church: 8th Century
A wall belonging to the Carolingian era was discovered in the area below the church's floor. Five fragments of wall paintings were also found in that area, depicting faces turned towards prayer. This led to the belief that, after the barbarian invasions, the new population began to settle permanently in Bolzano.
The First Medieval Church: 11th-12th Century
This medieval church was built with a unique plan, that is, with a single row of columns. This structure had a strong tower to protect itself from the floods of the Isarco river, which were frequent in the area. The church was in a Romanesque style, and the facade is still visible: on either side of the rose window, there are two windows with characteristic arches of this style.
The Bolzano Cathedral is, therefore, a church with a very rich past, in which you can admire the traces of different eras. Don't hesitate to visit this wonder of art and faith.
